In sum, the behavioral patterns of optimists appear to provide models of living for others to learn from.Ĭopyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Although there are instances in which optimism fails to convey an advantage, and instances in which it may convey a disadvantage, those instances are relatively rare. Optimists also appear to fare better than pessimists in relationships. The Hope Circuit: A psychologist’s journey from helplessness to optimism.
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Flourish: A new understanding of happiness and well-being and how to achieve them. Some evidence suggests that optimism relates to more persistence in educational efforts and to higher later income. Learned optimism: How to change your mind and your life. The energetic, task-focused approach that optimists take to goals also relates to benefits in the socioeconomic world. Consistent with such findings, optimism is also related to indicators of better physical health.
There is evidence that optimism is associated with taking proactive steps to protect one's health, whereas pessimism is associated with health-damaging behaviors. Consistent with such findings, optimism has been linked to higher levels of engagement coping and lower levels of avoidance, or disengagement, coping.
Higher levels of optimism have been related prospectively to better subjective well-being in times of adversity or difficulty (i.e., controlling for previous well-being). Optimism is an individual difference variable that reflects the extent to which people hold generalized favorable expectancies for their future.
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